CuS

材料:硫化铜

地球丰度[1]:好的晶体极其稀有

基本信息

  • 在自然界中以矿物靛铜矿的形式存在 [1]
  • 通常为靛蓝色块状金属材料[1]
  • 1832 年发现 [1]
  • 存在于铜矿床中 [1]
  • 以意大利矿物学家 N. Covelli (1790-1829) 的名字命名 [2]
  • 分子量= 95.61 gm [2]

 

物理特性 [1]:

Luster:

Sub-Metallic

Diaphaneity (Transparency):

Opaque

Color:

Indigo-blue or darker, inclining towards blue-black, often iridescent with purplish, deep red, and brassy-yellow reflections.

Streak:

Shiny metallic, lead-grey to black

Hardness (Mohs):

1½ - 2

Hardness (Vickers):

VHN100=128 - 138 kg/mm2

Hardness Data:

Measured

Tenacity:

Flexible

Cleavage:

Perfect
Perfect on {0001}.

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven, Hackly

Density (measured):

4.6 - 4.76 g/cm3

Density (calculated):

4.602 g/cm3

 

计算属性 [2]:

 Electron Density:

Bulk Density (Electron Density)=4.41 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Covellite =4.68 gm/cc.

Fermion Index:

Fermion Index = 0.0025153223
Boson Index = 0.9974846777

Photoelectric:

PECovellite = 31.55 barns/electron

 

 

晶体结构 [1]:

Crystal System:

Hexagonal

Class (H-M):

6/mmm (6/2/2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal

Space Group:

P63/mmc {P63/2/2/c}

Cell Parameters:

a = 3.7938Å, c = 16.341Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 4.307

Unit Cell Volume:

V 203.7 ų

Z:

6

Morphology:

Hexagonal plates {001}, with pyramidal faces striated horizontally and hexagonal striations on the base. Common forms: {001}, {104}, {103}, {308}, {102}, {9/0/16}, {5.08}, {101} and {201}. Less common to rare: {1.0.16}, {1.0.12}, {3.0.32}, {108}, {106}, {3.0.16}, {105}, {205}, {203}, {304}, {15.0.16} and {908}.

Twinning:

None reported.

 

X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data [1]:

d-spacing

 

Intensity

3.22

 

(30)

3.05

 

(70)

2.81

 

(100)

2.72

 

(60)

2.32

 

(10)

1.90

 

(80)

1.74

 

(40)

1.57

 

(20)

1.56

 

(40)

 

光伏应用:

CuS 薄膜通过化学浴沉积在其他薄膜(例如 Sb2S3 [3] 和 SnS [4])之上。然后用氮气对薄膜进行热处理并用作吸收层[3]。

层状结构为:CuS、SnS、CdS、SnO2 [4] 和 Sb2S2-CuS、Sb2S3、CdS、TCO [3]

 

 

能带结构和载流子浓度

带隙 [5]: 1.55 eV

载流子浓度 [6]: +2.5×1021 cm-3

        温度依赖性

显示 CuS 与 (E-Ef) (Ryd) 的态密度的图可在参考文献 7 中找到。

 

电气特性

电导率 [6]: 2×103 S cm-1

直流电阻 [8]: 7.5 × 103 Ω

电阻率 [8]: 2.67 Ω cm

电性能基本参数

CuS薄膜的电导率 [5]: 3.6 x 103 Ω-1 cm-1

 

霍尔迁移率 [6]: 7.24cm2 V-1 s-1 

 

光学特性 [1] :

Type:

Uniaxial (+)

RI values:

nω = 1.450 nε = 2.620

Maximum

δ = 1.170

Surface Relief:

Very High

Type:

Anisotropic

Anisotropism:

Strong

Dispersion:

Strong

Pleochroism:

Visible

Comments:

Deep blue to blue-white

 

热性能

机械性能 [8]

        

耐刮擦性 [8]: 3 mN

 

参考:

[1] J. Ralph, I. Chau, mindat Available at: <http://mindat.org> (2012).

[2] WebMineral, “Covellite Mineral Data”, http://webmineral.com/data/Covellite.shtml#.UmK-dvlvNlJ

 [3] http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.lib.utah.edu/science/article/pii/S0040609006016129

[4] http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.lib.utah.edu/science/article/pii/S004060900601604X

[5] http://iopscience.iop.org.ezproxy.lib.utah.edu/0268-1242/13/10/019/pdf/0268-1242_13_10_019.pdf

[6] http://scitation.aip.org.ezproxy.lib.utah.edu/content/aip/journal/apl/93/13/10.1063/1.2991441

[7] http://iopscience.iop.org.ezproxy.lib.utah.edu/0953-8984/4/50/034/pdf/0953-8984_4_50_034.pdf

[8] http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.lib.utah.edu/science/article/pii/S0025540810004046

 

主要由犹他大学本科生 Jeff Provost 和 Carina Hahn 与 Mike Scarpulla 教授合作开发。 Caitlin Arndt、Christian Robert、Katie Furse、Jash Sayani 和 Liz Lund 也做出了贡献。这项工作得到了美国国家科学基金会材料世界网络计划奖 1008302 的全力支持。这些页面是一项正在进行的工作,我们征求世界各地知识渊博的各方的意见,以获取更准确或更多的信息。请联系 [email protected] 提出此类建议。