基本信息
硫化铋 (Bi2S3) 具有斜方晶体结构,每个晶胞有 4 个分子。每个分子包含 2 个铋原子和 3 个硫化物原子,每个晶胞总共有 20 个原子。 Bi2S3 天然以铋矿形式存在,具有铅灰色条纹,具有金属光泽。该矿物主要产于玻维亚、秘鲁、中欧、澳大利亚和美国西部。铋矿主要经过加工以获得纯铋金属或其他铋化合物,但也已研究用于光伏发电。 1
晶体结构
Fractional Coordinates | Orthogonal Coordinates | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Label | Elmt | x | y | z | xor[Å] | yor[Å] | zor[Å] | |
1. | T1 | Bi | 0.5165 | 0.2500 | 0.1748 | -3.914 | 2.533 | 4.141 |
2. | T1 | Bi | 0.9835 | 0.7500 | 0.6748 | -6.849 | 8.734 | 8.119 |
3. | T1 | Bi | 0.4835 | 0.7500 | 0.8252 | -2.532 | 9.931 | 4.286 |
4. | T1 | Bi | 0.0165 | 0.2500 | 0.3252 | 0.403 | 3.729 | 0.308 |
5. | T2 | Bi | 0.6596 | 0.7500 | 0.4655 | -3.971 | 6.133 | 6.169 |
6. | T2 | Bi | 0.8404 | 0.2500 | 0.9655 | -6.946 | 11.534 | 5.081 |
7. | T2 | Bi | 0.3404 | 0.2500 | 0.5345 | -2.475 | 6.331 | 2.258 |
8. | T2 | Bi | 0.1596 | 0.7500 | 0.0345 | 0.501 | 0.930 | 3.347 |
9. | T3 | S | 0.6230 | 0.7500 | 0.0575 | -3.543 | 1.609 | 6.617 |
10. | T3 | S | 0.8770 | 0.2500 | 0.5575 | -7.157 | 7.076 | 6.051 |
11. | T3 | S | 0.3770 | 0.2500 | 0.9425 | -2.902 | 10.855 | 1.810 |
12. | T3 | S | 0.1230 | 0.7500 | 0.4425 | 0.711 | 5.387 | 2.376 |
13. | T4 | S | 0.7153 | 0.2500 | 0.3063 | -5.681 | 4.163 | 5.333 |
14. | T4 | S | 0.7847 | 0.7500 | 0.8063 | -5.151 | 9.999 | 6.471 |
15. | T4 | S | 0.2847 | 0.7500 | 0.6937 | -0.764 | 8.301 | 3.095 |
16. | T4 | S | 0.2153 | 0.2500 | 0.1937 | -1.294 | 2.464 | 1.957 |
17. | T5 | S | 0.4508 | 0.7500 | 0.3730 | -2.127 | 4.923 | 4.839 |
18. | T5 | S | 0.0492 | 0.2500 | 0.8730 | -0.027 | 9.789 | -0.410 |
19. | T5 | S | 0.5492 | 0.2500 | 0.6270 | -4.319 | 7.540 | 3.589 |
20. | T5 | S | 0.9508 | 0.7500 | 0.1270 | -6.418 | 2.674 | 8.838 |
下图显示了 Bi2S3 的峰值强度:
光伏应用
Bi2Si3 薄膜的制备方法有多种,包括:阴极电沉积、阳极电沉积、真空蒸发、热壁法、溶液-气体界面、喷雾沉积和化学浴沉积。 Bi2Si3 制备薄膜最常用的方法是化学浴沉积。这是因为它简单、经济并且非常适合大面积的任何配置。 2
通过化学浴沉积制备的 Bi2Si3 薄膜的填充因子约为 46.77%,转换效率为 0.089%。 3
300 K 时的基本参数
Crystal structure: | Orthorhombic | 4 |
Group of symmetry: | Pnma | 4 |
Number of atoms in 1 cm3: | 3.99*1026 | 4 |
Unit cell volume: | 501.6730 Å3 | 5 |
Atoms per unit cell: | 20 | 4 |
Density: | 6.807 g/cm3 | 4 |
Dielectric constant: | ɛ(0)|| = 120 T=300K , at 1kHz | 5 |
ɛ(0)⊥ = 38 T=300 K, E ⊥ c | ||
ɛ(∞)|| = 13 T=300 K, E || c | ||
ɛ(∞) ⊥ = 9 T=300, 90 K, E ⊥ c | ||
Lattice constants: | a = 11.305 Å | 4 |
b = 3.981 Å | ||
c = 11.147 Å |
能带结构和载流子浓度
载流子浓度图见图 6
施主和受主
杂质: Pb, Cu, Fe, As, Sb, Se, Te 7
电气特性
电性能基本参数
Energy gap: | 1.3 eV T=300 K, E ⊥ b: | 5 |
1.45 eV T=77 K, E ⊥ b | ||
Intrinsic carrier concentration: : | n = 3 × 1018 cm-3 T = 300 K : | 5 |
Carrier mobility: : | μn = 200 cm2/Vs T=300 K : | 5 |
Hole mobility: : | μh = 1100 cm2/Vs : | 8 |
Intrinsic resistivity: : | ρ = 105 Ω cm T=300K: | 2 |
Electrical Conductivity: : | σ = 10-6…10-7 Ω-1 cm-1 T=300 K: | 5 |
光学特性
折射率:
λ = 589.3 nm 5
nα | 1.315 |
nβ | 1.900 |
nγ | 1.670 |
吸收系数: α = 104 cm-1 (量级) 2
光透过率数据图可见:9
力学特性、弹性常数、晶格振动基本参数
Hardness: | 2-2.5 | 7 |
Cleavage planes: | Perfect on (010) | 7 |
Imperfect on (100), (110) | Ralph2003 |
主要由犹他大学本科生 Jeff Provost 和 Carina Hahn 与 Mike Scarpulla 教授合作开发。 Caitlin Arndt、Christian Robert、Katie Furse、Jash Sayani 和 Liz Lund 也做出了贡献。这项工作得到了美国国家科学基金会材料世界网络计划奖 1008302 的全力支持。这些页面是一项正在进行的工作,我们征求世界各地知识渊博的各方的意见,以获取更准确或更多的信息。请联系 [email protected] 提出此类建议。
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