@article {Hanasoge2012, title = {From the Cover: Anomalously weak solar convection}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, volume = {109}, year = {2012}, month = {Dec-07-2013}, pages = {11928 - 11932}, abstract = {Convection in the solar interior is thought to comprise structures on a spectrum of scales. This conclusion emerges from phenomenological studies and numerical simulations, though neither covers the proper range of dynamical parameters of solar convection. Here, we analyze observations of the wavefield in the solar photosphere using techniques of time-distance helioseismology to image flows in the solar interior. We downsample and synthesize 900 billion wavefield observations to produce 3 billion cross-correlations, which we average and fit, measuring 5 million wave travel times. Using these travel times, we deduce the underlying flow systems and study their statistics to bound convective velocity magnitudes in the solar interior, as a function of depth and spherical-harmonic degree l. Within the wavenumber band l < 60, convective velocities are 20{\textendash}100 times weaker than current theoretical estimates. This constraint suggests the prevalence of a different paradigm of turbulence from that predicted by existing models, prompting the question: what mechanism transports the heat flux of a solar luminosity outwards? Advection is dominated by Coriolis forces for wavenumbers l < 60, with Rossby numbers smaller than approximately 10-2 at r/R⊙ = 0.96, suggesting that the Sun may be a much faster rotator than previously thought, and that large-scale convection may be quasi-geostrophic. The fact that isorotation contours in the Sun are not coaligned with the axis of rotation suggests the presence of a latitudinal entropy gradient. }, issn = {0027-8424}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1206570109}, author = {Hanasoge, S. M. and Duvall, T. L. and Sreenivasan, K. R.} } @conference {Cousins2010, title = {Gen III: Improved Performance at Lower Cost}, booktitle = {35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference}, year = {2010}, note = {
}, publisher = {IEEE}, organization = {IEEE}, address = {Honolulu, Hawaii}, author = {Peter J. Cousins and David D. Smith and Hsin-Chiao Luan and Jane Manning and Tim D. Dennis and Ann Waldhaue and Karen E. Wilson and Gabriel Harley and William P. Mulligan} } @article {Green2010, title = {Solar cell efficiency tables (version 35)}, journal = {Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications}, volume = {18}, number = {2}, year = {2010}, note = {

Compendex

}, pages = {144{\textendash}150}, abstract = {

Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined and new entries since July 2009 are reviewed. Copyright 2010 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

}, keywords = {Conversion efficiency, Energy conversion, solar cells, Solar energy, Solar power generation}, issn = {10627995}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pip.974}, author = {Martin A Green and Keith Emery and Yoshihiro Hishikawa and Wilhelm Warta} } @article {Bremner2008, title = {Analysis of tandem solar cell efficiencies under {AM1.5G} spectrum using a rapid flux calculation method}, journal = {Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications}, volume = {16}, number = {3}, year = {2008}, pages = {225{\textendash}233}, abstract = {

We report the use of a rapid flux calculation method using incomplete Riemann zeta functions as a replacement for the {Bose-Einstein} integral in detailed balance calculations to study the efficiency of tandem solar cell stacks under the terrestrial {AM1.5G} spectrum and under maximum concentration. The maximum limiting efficiency for unconstrained and constrained tandem stacks of up to eight solar cells, under the {AM1.5G} spectrum and maximum concentration, are presented. The results found agree well with previously published results with one exception highlighting the precautions necessary when calculating for devices under the {AM1.5G} spectrum. The band gap sensitivities of two tandem solar cell stack arrangements of current interest were also assessed. In the case of a three solar cell tandem stack the results show a large design space and illustrate that the constrained case is more sensitive to band gap variations. Finally, the effect of a non-optimum uppermost band gap in a series constrained five solar cell tandem stack was investigated. The results indicate that a significant re-design is only required when the uppermost band gap is greater than the optimum value with a relatively small effect on the limiting efficiency. It is concluded that this rapid flux calculation method is a powerful tool for the analysis of tandem solar cells and is particularly useful for the design of devices where optimum band gaps may not be available. Copyright \© 2007 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

}, doi = {10.1002/pip.799}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pip.799}, author = {S. P. Bremner and M. Y. Levy and Christiana B Honsberg} } @article {Hansen2006, title = {Global temperature change}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, volume = {103}, year = {2006}, note = {
}, month = {09/2006}, pages = {14288 - 14293}, issn = {1091-6490}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.0606291103}, author = {Hansen, J.} } @article {Levy2006, title = {Rapid and precise calculations of energy and particle flux for detailed-balance photovoltaic applications}, journal = {Solid-State Electronics}, volume = {50}, year = {2006}, pages = {1400-1405}, author = {M. Y. Levy and Christiana B Honsberg} } @article {Goetzberger2005, title = {Photovoltaic Solar Energy Generation}, year = {2005}, note = {

1. What is Photovoltaics?

2. Physics of Solar Cells

3. Silicon Solar Cell Material and Technology

4. Crystalline Thin-Film Silicon

5. Other Materials, New Concepts

6. Solar Cells and Solar Modules

7. PV Systems

8. PV Systems Installation Possibilities

9. Environmental Impacts by PV Systems

10. Efficinecy and Performance of PV Systems

11. PV Markets Support Measures and Costs

12. The Future PV

13. Other (Perhaps Competing) CO2-Free Energy Sources

14. Popular Killing Arguments Against PV

References

Index

}, pages = {232}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, isbn = {3-540-23676-7}, url = {http://www.amazon.com/Photovoltaic-Solar-Energy-Generation-Goetzberger/dp/3642062601/ref=sr_1_2?s=books\&ie=UTF8\&qid=1279649098\&sr=1-2}, author = {Adolf Goetzberger and Volker Uwe Hoffmann} } @article {Henrie2004, title = {Electronic color charts for dielectric films on silicon}, journal = {Optics Express}, volume = {12}, number = {7}, year = {2004}, note = {
}, pages = {1464{\textendash}1469}, abstract = {

This paper presents the calculation of the perceived color of dielectric films on silicon. A procedure is shown for computing the perceived color for an arbitrary light source, light incident angle, and film thickness. The calculated color is converted into {RGB} parameters that can be displayed on a color monitor, resulting in the generation of electronic color charts for dielectric films. This paper shows generated electronic color charts for both silicon dioxide and silicon nitride films on silicon.

}, keywords = {Color, measurement, optical properties, Thin films}, doi = {10.1364/OPEX.12.001464}, url = {http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-12-7-1464}, author = {Justin Henrie and Spencer Kellis and Stephen Schultz and Aaron Hawkins} } @proceedings {Honsberg2003, title = {Dependence of aluminium alloying on solar cell processing conditions}, year = {2003}, note = {
}, author = {Christiana B Honsberg and Anwar, K.K. and Mehrvarz, H.R. and Cotter, J.E. and Wenham, S.R.} } @article {Luque2003, title = {Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering}, year = {2003}, note = {

1. Status, Trends, Challenges and the Bright Future of Solar Electricity from Photovoltaics.\ 

2. Motivation for Photovoltaic Application and Development

3. The Physics of the Solar Cell

4. Theoretical Limits of Photovoltaic\ Conversion

5. Solar Grade Silicon Feedstock\ 

6. Bulk Crystal Growth and Wafering\ for PV

7. Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Modules\ 

8. Thin-film Silicon Solar Cells\ 

9. High-efficiency III-V Multijunction\ Solar Cells

10. Space Solar Cells and Arrays

11. Photovoltaic Concentrators\ 

12. Amorphous Silicon-based Solar Cells\ 

13. Cu(InGa)Se2 Solar Cells

14. Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells

15. Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

16. Measurement and Characterization of Solar Cells and Modules

17. Photovoltaic Systems

18. Electrochemical Storage for Photovoltaics

19. Power Conditioning for Photovoltaic Power Systems

20. Energy Collected and Delivered by PV Modules

21. Economic Analysis and Environmental Aspects of Photovoltaic\ Systems

22. PV in Architecture

23. Photovoltaics\ and Development

24. Financing PV Growth\ 

Index

}, pages = {1117}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons Ltd.}, address = {Chichester, England}, isbn = {0-471-49196-9}, url = {http://www.amazon.com/Handbook-Photovoltaic-Science-Engineering-Antonio/dp/0471491969/ref=pd_sim_b_7}, author = {Luque, A. and Hegedus, S.} } @article {Altermatt2003, title = {Reassessment of the intrinsic carrier density in crystalline silicon in view of band-gap narrowing}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physics}, volume = {93}, year = {2003}, month = {Jan-01-2003}, pages = {1598}, abstract = {The commonly used value of the intrinsic carrier density of crystalline silicon at 300 K is ni=1.00{\texttimes}1010 cm-3. It was experimentally determined by Sproul and Green, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 846 (1991), using specially designed solar cells. In this article, we demonstrate that the Sproul and Green experiment was influenced by band-gap narrowing, even though the dopant density of their samples was low (1014 to 1016 cm-3). We reinterpret their measurements by numerical simulations with a random-phase approximation model for band-gap narrowing, thereby obtaining ni=9.65{\texttimes}109 cm-3 at 300 K. This value is consistent with results obtained by Misiakos and Tsamakis, J. Appl. Phys. 74, 3293 (1993), using capacitance measurements. In this way, long-prevailing inconsistencies between independent measurement techniques for the determination of ni are resolved.}, issn = {00218979}, doi = {10.1063/1.1529297}, author = {Pietro P Altermatt and Schenk, Andreas and Geelhaar, Frank and Heiser, Gernot} } @article {Altermatt2001, title = {Improvements in numerical modelling of highly injected crystalline silicon solar cells}, journal = {Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells}, volume = {65}, year = {2001}, pages = {149-155(7)}, abstract = {

We numerically model crystalline silicon concentrator cells with the inclusion of band gap narrowing (BGN) caused by injected free carriers. In previous studies, the revised room-temperature value of the intrinsic carrier density, ni=1.00x1010cm-3, was inconsistent with the other material parameters of highly injected silicon. In this paper, we show that high-injection experiments can be described consistently with the revised value of ni if free-carrier induced BGN is included, and that such BGN is an important effect in silicon concentrator cells. The new model presented here significantly improves the ability to model highly injected silicon cells with a high level of precision.

}, url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/09270248/2001/00000065/00000001/art00089" doi = "doi:10.1016/S0927-0248(00)00089-1}, author = {Pietro P Altermatt and Sinton, R.A. and G. Heiser} } @proceedings {Honsberg2001, title = {A New Generalized Detailed Balance Formulation to Calculate Solar Cell Efficiency Limits}, year = {2001}, note = {
}, pages = {22-26}, author = {Christiana B Honsberg and R. Corkish and S. P. Bremner} } @proceedings {McIntosh2000, title = {The Influence of Edge Recombination on a Solar Cell{\textquoteright}s IV Curve}, year = {2000}, note = {
}, author = {McIntosh, K. R. and Christiana B Honsberg} } @proceedings {vanderHeide2000, title = {Mapping of contact resistance and locating shunts on solar cells using Resistance Analysis by Mapping of Potential (RAMP) techniques}, year = {2000}, note = {
}, pages = {1438}, address = {Glasgow (United Kingdom)}, author = {A.S.H. van der Heide and et al} } @conference {Corkish2000, title = {Simulating Electron-Beam-Induced Current Profiles Across p-n Junctions}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16h European Solar Energy Conference}, year = {2000}, note = {
}, month = {1-5 May 2000}, pages = {1590-1593}, publisher = {James and James}, organization = {James and James}, address = {Glasgow UK}, isbn = {9781902916187}, author = {R. Corkish and Luke, K. L. and Pietro P Altermatt and G. Heiser} } @proceedings {Corkish2000, title = {Simulating Electron-Beam-Induced Current Profiles Across p-n Junctions}, year = {2000}, note = {
}, pages = {1590-1593}, author = {R. Corkish and Luke, K. L. and Pietro P Altermatt and G. Heiser} } @article {Hezel1997, title = {Recent progress in MIS solar cells}, journal = {Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications}, volume = {5}, year = {1997}, note = {
}, pages = {109-120}, author = {Hezel, R.} } @proceedings {Horzel1997, title = {A simple processing sequence for selective emitters}, year = {1997}, note = {
}, pages = {139-142}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Horzel, J. and Szlufcik, J. and Nijs, J. and Mertens, R.} } @proceedings {Wenger1991, title = {Decline of the Carrisa Plains PV Power Plant: The Impact of Concentrating Sunlight on Flat Plates}, year = {1991}, note = {
}, pages = {586-592}, address = {Las Vegas, USA}, author = {Wenger, H.J. and Schaefer, J. and Rosenthal, A. and Hammond, B. and Schlueter, L.} } @proceedings {King1991, title = {A Sensitivity Analysis of the Spectral Mismatch Correction Procedure Using Wavelength-Dependent Error Sources}, year = {1991}, note = {
}, author = {King, D. and Hansen, B.} } @article {Hu1983-2, title = {On Phosphorus Diffusion in Silicon}, journal = {On Phosphorus Diffusion in Silicon}, volume = {54}, year = {1983}, note = {
}, pages = {6912-6922}, author = {S.M. Hu and P. Fahey and P. Sutton} } @book {Hu1983, title = {Solar Cells: From Basic to Advanced Systems}, year = {1983}, note = {
}, publisher = {McGraw-Hill}, organization = {McGraw-Hill}, address = {New York}, author = {Hu, C and White, R.M.} } @booklet {Bailey1979, title = {United States Patent: 4137123 - Texture etching of silicon: method}, year = {1979}, abstract = {

A surface etchant for silicon comprising an anisotropic etchant containing silicon is disclosed. The etchant provides a textured surface of randomly spaced and sized pyramids on a silicon surface. It is particularly useful in reducing the reflectivity of solar cell surfaces.

}, url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=32\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=4,137,123\&OS=4,137,123\&RS=4,137,123}, author = {William L. Bailey and Michael G. Coleman and Cynthia B. Harris and Israel A. Lesk} } @article {VantHull1976, title = {Solar thermal power system based on optical transmission}, journal = {Solar Energy}, volume = {18}, number = {1}, year = {1976}, note = {
}, pages = {31 - 39}, issn = {0038-092X}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0038-092X(76)90033-5}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V50-497SCJS-2H/2/78dfffb8fca290387fb2596f89696498}, author = {L.L. Vant-Hull and A.F. Hildebrandt} } @article {Hall1952, title = {Electron-Hole Recombination in Germanium}, journal = {Phys. Rev.}, volume = {87}, number = {2}, year = {1952}, note = {
}, month = {07/1952}, pages = {387}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRev.87.387}, author = {Hall, R. N.} }