TY - JOUR
T1 - From the Cover: Anomalously weak solar convection
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Y1 - 2012
A1 - Hanasoge, S. M.
A1 - Duvall, T. L.
A1 - Sreenivasan, K. R.
AB - Convection in the solar interior is thought to comprise structures on a spectrum of scales. This conclusion emerges from phenomenological studies and numerical simulations, though neither covers the proper range of dynamical parameters of solar convection. Here, we analyze observations of the wavefield in the solar photosphere using techniques of time-distance helioseismology to image flows in the solar interior. We downsample and synthesize 900 billion wavefield observations to produce 3 billion cross-correlations, which we average and fit, measuring 5 million wave travel times. Using these travel times, we deduce the underlying flow systems and study their statistics to bound convective velocity magnitudes in the solar interior, as a function of depth and spherical-harmonic degree ℓ. Within the wavenumber band ℓ < 60, convective velocities are 20–100 times weaker than current theoretical estimates. This constraint suggests the prevalence of a different paradigm of turbulence from that predicted by existing models, prompting the question: what mechanism transports the heat flux of a solar luminosity outwards? Advection is dominated by Coriolis forces for wavenumbers ℓ < 60, with Rossby numbers smaller than approximately 10-2 at r/R⊙ = 0.96, suggesting that the Sun may be a much faster rotator than previously thought, and that large-scale convection may be quasi-geostrophic. The fact that isorotation contours in the Sun are not coaligned with the axis of rotation suggests the presence of a latitudinal entropy gradient.
VL - 109
CP - 30
J1 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
KW - Hanasoge2012
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Fundamental boron-oxygen-related carrier lifetime limit in mono- and multicrystalline silicon
JF - Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications
Y1 - 2005
A1 - Bothe, Karsten
A1 - Sinton, Ron
A1 - Jan Schmidt
VL - 13
N1 -
KW - Bothe2005
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Flat-Plate Solar Array Project Final Report
Y1 - 1986
A1 - Ross, R.G. Jnr.
A1 - Smokler, M.I.
PB - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
N1 -
KW - Ross1986
ER -
TY - Generic
T1 - Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Array Design Optimization
T2 - 14th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
Y1 - 1980
A1 - Ross, R.G.
JA - 14th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
CY - San Diego, CA
N1 -
KW - Ross1980
ER -