TY - JOUR T1 - Isotextured Silicon Solar Cell Analysis and Modeling 1: Optics JF - IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics Y1 - 2012 A1 - Baker-Finch, Simeon C. A1 - McIntosh, Keith R. A1 - Terry, Mason L. VL - 2 CP - 4 J1 - IEEE J. Photovoltaics KW - 533 ER - TY - CONF T1 - OPAL 2: Rapid optical simulation of silicon solar cells T2 - 2012 IEEE 38th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Y1 - 2012 A1 - McIntosh, Keith R. A1 - Baker-Finch, Simeon C. AB - The freeware program OPAL 2 computes the optical losses associated with the front surface of a Si solar cell. It calculates the losses for any angle of incidence within seconds, where the short computation time is achieved by decoupling the ray tracing from the Fresnel equations. Amongst other morphologies, OPAL 2 can be used to assess the random-pyramid texture of c-Si solar cells, or the `isotexture' of mc-Si solar cells, and to determine (i) the optimal thickness of an antireflection coating with or without encapsulation, (ii) the impact of imperfect texturing, such as non-ideal texture angles, over-etched isotexture, and flat regions, and (iii) the subsequent 1D generation profile in the Si. This paper describes the approach and assumptions employed by OPAL 2 and presents examples that demonstrate the dependence of optical losses on texture quality and incident angle. JA - 2012 IEEE 38th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference PB - IEEE CY - Austin, TX, USA SN - 978-1-4673-0064-3 KW - 532 ER - TY - Generic T1 - METAMORPHIC GaInP/GaInAs/Ge TRIPLE-JUNCTION SOLAR CELLS WITH > 41 % EFFICIENCY T2 - 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Y1 - 2009 A1 - F. Dimroth A1 - W. Guter A1 - J. Schöne A1 - E. Welser A1 - M. Steiner A1 - E. Oliva A1 - A. Wekkeli A1 - G. Siefer A1 - S.P. Philipps A1 - A.W. Bett JA - 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference N1 -
KW - Dimroth2009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of tandem solar cell efficiencies under {AM1.5G} spectrum using a rapid flux calculation method JF - Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications Y1 - 2008 A1 - S. P. Bremner A1 - M. Y. Levy A1 - Christiana B Honsberg AB -

We report the use of a rapid flux calculation method using incomplete Riemann zeta functions as a replacement for the {Bose-Einstein} integral in detailed balance calculations to study the efficiency of tandem solar cell stacks under the terrestrial {AM1.5G} spectrum and under maximum concentration. The maximum limiting efficiency for unconstrained and constrained tandem stacks of up to eight solar cells, under the {AM1.5G} spectrum and maximum concentration, are presented. The results found agree well with previously published results with one exception highlighting the precautions necessary when calculating for devices under the {AM1.5G} spectrum. The band gap sensitivities of two tandem solar cell stack arrangements of current interest were also assessed. In the case of a three solar cell tandem stack the results show a large design space and illustrate that the constrained case is more sensitive to band gap variations. Finally, the effect of a non-optimum uppermost band gap in a series constrained five solar cell tandem stack was investigated. The results indicate that a significant re-design is only required when the uppermost band gap is greater than the optimum value with a relatively small effect on the limiting efficiency. It is concluded that this rapid flux calculation method is a powerful tool for the analysis of tandem solar cells and is particularly useful for the design of devices where optimum band gaps may not be available. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

VL - 16 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pip.799 KW - Bremner2008 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Low Light Performance of Mono-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells T2 - 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference Y1 - 2006 A1 - Gabriela Bunea A1 - Karen Wilson A1 - Yevgeny Meydbray A1 - Matthew Campbell A1 - Denis De Ceuster JA - 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference CY - Waikoloa, HI UR - http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4059885&tag=1 KW - bunea_low_2006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fundamental boron-oxygen-related carrier lifetime limit in mono- and multicrystalline silicon JF - Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications Y1 - 2005 A1 - Bothe, Karsten A1 - Sinton, Ron A1 - Jan Schmidt VL - 13 N1 -
KW - Bothe2005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computing the solar vector JF - Solar Energy Y1 - 2001 A1 - Manuel Blanco-Muriel A1 - Diego C. Alarcón-Padilla A1 - Teodoro López-Moratalla A1 - MartÍn Lara-Coira KW - Solar tracking VL - 70 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V50-42G6KWJ-5/2/a61a5c50128325f281ca2e33e01de993 N1 -
KW - BlancoMuriel2001 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Natural Sunlight Calibration of Silicon Solar Cells. T2 - 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference Y1 - 2001 A1 - W. Keogh A1 - Andrew W Blakers JA - 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference CY - Munich, Germany N1 -
KW - Keogh2001 ER - TY - Generic T1 - A New Generalized Detailed Balance Formulation to Calculate Solar Cell Efficiency Limits T2 - 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference Y1 - 2001 A1 - Christiana B Honsberg A1 - R. Corkish A1 - S. P. Bremner JA - 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference N1 -
KW - Honsberg2001 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Rapid and Accurate Determination of Series Resistance and Fill Factor Losses in Industrial Silicon Solar Cells T2 - 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference Y1 - 2001 A1 - S. Bowden A1 - A. Rohatgi JA - 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference CY - Munich, Germany KW - Bowden2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generalized analysis of quasi-steady-state and quasi-transient measurements of carrier lifetimes in semiconductors JF - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 1999 A1 - Henning Nagel A1 - Christopher Berge A1 - Armin G Aberle KW - carrier lifetime KW - photoconductivity PB - AIP VL - 86 UR - http://link.aip.org/link/?JAP/86/6218/1 KW - Nagel1999 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Improved Performance of Self-Aligned, Selective-Emitter Silicon Solar Cells T2 - 2nd World Conference and Exhibition on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion Y1 - 1998 A1 - Ruby, D. S. A1 - Yang, P. A1 - Zaidi, S. A1 - Brueck, S. A1 - Roy, M. A1 - Narayanan, S. JA - 2nd World Conference and Exhibition on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion CY - Vienna, Austria N1 -
KW - Ruby1998 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Texturing of polycrystalline silicon JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Y1 - 1996 A1 - M. J. Stocks A1 - A. J. Carr A1 - Andrew W Blakers VL - 40 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V51-3VTFK7T-57/2/eb36bb8dfafef0de9e83d2f685caf541 KW - Stocks1996 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On some thermodynamic aspects of photovoltaic solar energy conversion JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Y1 - 1995 A1 - Baruch, P. A1 - De Vos, A. A1 - Landsberg, P. T. A1 - J.E. Parrott VL - 36 KW - Baruch1995 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining terms for crystalline silicon solar cells JF - Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications Y1 - 1994 A1 - Basore, P.A. VL - 2 N1 -
KW - Basore1994 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simple and effective light trapping technique for polycrystalline silicon solar cells JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Y1 - 1992 A1 - G. Willeke A1 - H. Nussbaumer A1 - H. Bender A1 - E. Bucher VL - 26 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V51-47XG9S8-45/2/acfac830ed036bd52484e2951d6f9c51 KW - Willeke1992 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Role of Photovoltaics in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions Y1 - 1991 A1 - Andrew W Blakers A1 - Martin A Green A1 - T. Leo A1 - H. Outhred A1 - B. Robins PB - Australian Government Publishing Service CY - Canberra N1 -
KW - Blakers1991 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of textured silicon solar cells using PC-1D JF - Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on Y1 - 1990 A1 - Basore, P.A. KW - elemental semiconductors KW - finite element analysis KW - finite-element program KW - front-surface recombination KW - heavy doping KW - high-level injection KW - internal performance KW - light trapping KW - microcomputer applications KW - modeling semiconductor devices KW - multidimensional effects KW - nonplanar structures KW - numerical models KW - oblique photon path angles KW - PC-1D KW - PC-1D Version 2 KW - personal computers KW - semiconductor device models KW - semiconductors KW - Si KW - SILICON KW - solar cells KW - spectral quantum efficiency data KW - textured solar cells KW - transients AB - PC-1D is a quasi-one-dimensional finite-element program for modeling semiconductor devices on personal computers. The program offers solar cell researchers a convenient user interface with the ability to address complex issues associated with heavy doping, high-level injection, nonplanar structures, and transients. The physical and numerical models used in PC-1D Version 2 that make it possible to approximate the multidimensional effects found in textured crystalline silicon solar cells, including the effects of increased front-surface recombination, oblique photon path angles, and light trapping, are presented. As an example of how the model can be applied, PC-1D is used to investigate the interpretation of spectral quantum efficiency data as a tool for diagnosing the internal performance of textured silicon solar cells VL - 37 KW - basore1990 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Perception Y1 - 1985 A1 - Sekuler, R. A1 - Blake, R. PB - Alfred A. Knopf Inc CY - New York N1 -
KW - Sekuler1985 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Limiting Efficiency of Silicon Solar Cells JF - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES Y1 - 1984 A1 - T. Tiedje A1 - E Yablonovich A1 - G.D. Cody A1 - B.G. Brooks VL - ED-31 N1 -
KW - Tiedje1984 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Voltaic Cell, Chapter XIV Y1 - 1983 A1 - P. Benjamin PB - Wiley CY - New York N1 -
KW - Benjamin1983 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the superposition principle to solar-cell analysis JF - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices Y1 - 1979 A1 - F.A. Lindholm A1 - Fossum, J.G. A1 - E.L. Burgess AB - The principle of superposition is used to derive from fundamentals the widely used shifting approximation that the current-voltage characteristic of an illuminated solar cell is the dark current-voltage characteristic shifted by the short-circuit photocurrent. Thus the derivation requires the linearity of the boundary-value problems that underlie the electrical characteristics. This focus on linearity defines the conditions that must hold if the shifting approximation is to apply with good accuracy. In this regard, if considerable photocurrent and considerable dark thermal recombination current both occur within the junction space-charge region, then the shifting approximation is invalid. From a rigorous standpoint, it is invalid also if low-injection concentrations of holes and electrons are not maintained throughout the quasi-neutral regions. The presence of sizable series resistance also invalidates the shifting approximation. Methods of analysis are presented to treat these cases for which shifting is not strictly valid. These methods are based on an understanding of the physics of cell operation. This understanding is supported by laboratory experiments and by exact computer solution of the relevant boundary-value problems. For the case of high injection in the base region, the method of analysis employed accurately yields the dependence of the open-circuit voltage on the short-circuit current (or the illumination level). VL - 26 KW - Lindholm1979 ER - TY - ABST T1 - United States Patent: 4137123 - Texture etching of silicon: method Y1 - 1979 A1 - William L. Bailey A1 - Michael G. Coleman A1 - Cynthia B. Harris A1 - Israel A. Lesk AB -

A surface etchant for silicon comprising an anisotropic etchant containing silicon is disclosed. The etchant provides a textured surface of randomly spaced and sized pyramids on a silicon surface. It is particularly useful in reducing the reflectivity of solar cell surfaces.

UR - http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=32&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PTXT&s1=4,137,123&OS=4,137,123&RS=4,137,123 KW - Bailey1979 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Solar Cells Y1 - 1976 A1 - C.E. Backus AB -

The present volume constitutes a reference book containing classic papers in the field of solar cells as well as a relatively complete photovoltaic bibliography. The general subjects include the historical development of solar cells, solar-cell theory, cell fabrication, space systems, terrestrial applications, and working-group resumes and discussions. Individual papers deal with such topics as silicon p-n junction photocells, effects of temperature on photovoltaic solar-energy conversion, series resistance effects on solar-cell measurements, drift fields in photovoltaic solar-energy-converter cells, the violet cell, the photovoltaic effect in CdS, efficiency calculations of heterojunction solar-energy converters, CdTe solar cells and photovoltaic heterojunctions in II-VI compounds, the photovoltaic effect in GaAs p-n junctions, and the multiple-junction edge-illuminated solar cell. Other papers discuss silicon solar cell degradation in the space environment, direct solar-energy conversion for terrestrial use, single-crystal and polycrystalline silicon, and CdS/Cu2S thin-film cells

PB - IEEE CY - New York N1 -
KW - Backus1976 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Optimum Design of Anti-reflection coating for silicon solar cells T2 - 10th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Y1 - 1973 A1 - E.Y. Wang A1 - F.T.S. Yu A1 - V.L. Sims A1 - E.W. Brandhorst A1 - J.D. Broder JA - 10th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference N1 -
KW - Wang1973 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Absolutwerte der optischen Absorptionskonstanten von Alkalihalogenidkristallen im Gebiet ihrer ultravioletten Eigenfrequenzen JF - Annalen der Physik Y1 - 1934 A1 - Bauer, Gerhard VL - 411 CP - 4 J1 - Ann. Phys. KW - Bauer1934 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uber eine neue Selen- Sperrschicht Photozelle JF - Physikalische Zeitschrift Y1 - 1931 A1 - Bergmann, L. VL - 32 N1 -
KW - Bergmann1931 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On Conductance in Metal Sulphides JF - Ann. d. Physik Y1 - 1874 A1 - Braun, F. VL - 153 N1 -
KW - Braun1874 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Memoire sur les effects d´electriques produits sous l´influence des rayons solaires JF - Annalen der Physick und Chemie Y1 - 1841 A1 - Becquerel, A.E. VL - 54 N1 -
KW - Becquerel1841 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recherches sur les effets de la radiation chimique de la lumiere solaire au moyen des courants electriques JF - Comptes Rendus de L´Academie des Sciences Y1 - 1839 A1 - Becquerel, A.E. VL - 9 N1 -
KW - Becquerel1839 ER -