@article {533, title = {Isotextured Silicon Solar Cell Analysis and Modeling 1: Optics}, journal = {IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics}, volume = {2}, year = {2012}, month = {Jan-10-2012}, pages = {457 - 464}, issn = {2156-3381}, doi = {10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2206569}, author = {Baker-Finch, Simeon C. and McIntosh, Keith R. and Terry, Mason L.} } @conference {532, title = {OPAL 2: Rapid optical simulation of silicon solar cells}, booktitle = {2012 IEEE 38th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference}, year = {2012}, publisher = {IEEE}, organization = {IEEE}, address = {Austin, TX, USA}, abstract = {The freeware program OPAL 2 computes the optical losses associated with the front surface of a Si solar cell. It calculates the losses for any angle of incidence within seconds, where the short computation time is achieved by decoupling the ray tracing from the Fresnel equations. Amongst other morphologies, OPAL 2 can be used to assess the random-pyramid texture of c-Si solar cells, or the {\textquoteleft}isotexture{\textquoteright} of mc-Si solar cells, and to determine (i) the optimal thickness of an antireflection coating with or without encapsulation, (ii) the impact of imperfect texturing, such as non-ideal texture angles, over-etched isotexture, and flat regions, and (iii) the subsequent 1D generation profile in the Si. This paper describes the approach and assumptions employed by OPAL 2 and presents examples that demonstrate the dependence of optical losses on texture quality and incident angle.}, isbn = {978-1-4673-0064-3}, doi = {10.1109/PVSC.2012.6317616}, author = {McIntosh, Keith R. and Baker-Finch, Simeon C.} } @proceedings {Dimroth2009, title = {METAMORPHIC GaInP/GaInAs/Ge TRIPLE-JUNCTION SOLAR CELLS WITH > 41 \% EFFICIENCY}, year = {2009}, note = {
}, author = {F. Dimroth and W. Guter and J. Sch{\"o}ne and E. Welser and M. Steiner and E. Oliva and A. Wekkeli and G. Siefer and S.P. Philipps and A.W. Bett} } @article {Bremner2008, title = {Analysis of tandem solar cell efficiencies under {AM1.5G} spectrum using a rapid flux calculation method}, journal = {Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications}, volume = {16}, number = {3}, year = {2008}, pages = {225{\textendash}233}, abstract = {

We report the use of a rapid flux calculation method using incomplete Riemann zeta functions as a replacement for the {Bose-Einstein} integral in detailed balance calculations to study the efficiency of tandem solar cell stacks under the terrestrial {AM1.5G} spectrum and under maximum concentration. The maximum limiting efficiency for unconstrained and constrained tandem stacks of up to eight solar cells, under the {AM1.5G} spectrum and maximum concentration, are presented. The results found agree well with previously published results with one exception highlighting the precautions necessary when calculating for devices under the {AM1.5G} spectrum. The band gap sensitivities of two tandem solar cell stack arrangements of current interest were also assessed. In the case of a three solar cell tandem stack the results show a large design space and illustrate that the constrained case is more sensitive to band gap variations. Finally, the effect of a non-optimum uppermost band gap in a series constrained five solar cell tandem stack was investigated. The results indicate that a significant re-design is only required when the uppermost band gap is greater than the optimum value with a relatively small effect on the limiting efficiency. It is concluded that this rapid flux calculation method is a powerful tool for the analysis of tandem solar cells and is particularly useful for the design of devices where optimum band gaps may not be available. Copyright \© 2007 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

}, doi = {10.1002/pip.799}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pip.799}, author = {S. P. Bremner and M. Y. Levy and Christiana B Honsberg} } @conference {bunea_low_2006, title = {Low Light Performance of Mono-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells}, booktitle = {4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference}, year = {2006}, month = {2006}, pages = {1312{\textendash}1314}, address = {Waikoloa, HI}, doi = {10.1109/WCPEC.2006.279655}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4059885\&tag=1}, author = {Gabriela Bunea and Karen Wilson and Yevgeny Meydbray and Matthew Campbell and Denis De Ceuster} } @article {Bothe2005, title = {Fundamental boron-oxygen-related carrier lifetime limit in mono- and multicrystalline silicon}, journal = {Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications}, volume = {13}, year = {2005}, note = {
}, month = {06/2005}, pages = {287 - 296}, issn = {1099-159X}, doi = {10.1002/pip.586}, author = {Bothe, Karsten and Sinton, Ron and Jan Schmidt} } @article {BlancoMuriel2001, title = {Computing the solar vector}, journal = {Solar Energy}, volume = {70}, number = {5}, year = {2001}, note = {
}, pages = {431 - 441}, keywords = {Solar tracking}, issn = {0038-092X}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0038-092X(00)00156-0}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V50-42G6KWJ-5/2/a61a5c50128325f281ca2e33e01de993}, author = {Manuel Blanco-Muriel and Diego C. Alarc{\'o}n-Padilla and Teodoro L{\'o}pez-Moratalla and Mart{\'I}n Lara-Coira} } @proceedings {Keogh2001, title = {Natural Sunlight Calibration of Silicon Solar Cells.}, year = {2001}, note = {
}, address = {Munich, Germany}, author = {W. Keogh and Andrew W Blakers} } @proceedings {Honsberg2001, title = {A New Generalized Detailed Balance Formulation to Calculate Solar Cell Efficiency Limits}, year = {2001}, note = {
}, pages = {22-26}, author = {Christiana B Honsberg and R. Corkish and S. P. Bremner} } @conference {Bowden2001, title = {Rapid and Accurate Determination of Series Resistance and Fill Factor Losses in Industrial Silicon Solar Cells}, booktitle = {17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference}, year = {2001}, month = {22/10/2001}, address = {Munich, Germany}, author = {S. Bowden and A. Rohatgi} } @article {Nagel1999, title = {Generalized analysis of quasi-steady-state and quasi-transient measurements of carrier lifetimes in semiconductors}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physics}, volume = {86}, number = {11}, year = {1999}, pages = {6218-6221}, publisher = {AIP}, keywords = {carrier lifetime, photoconductivity}, doi = {10.1063/1.371633}, url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAP/86/6218/1}, author = {Henning Nagel and Christopher Berge and Armin G Aberle} } @proceedings {Ruby1998, title = {Improved Performance of Self-Aligned, Selective-Emitter Silicon Solar Cells}, year = {1998}, note = {
}, month = {07/1998}, address = {Vienna, Austria}, author = {Ruby, D. S. and Yang, P. and Zaidi, S. and Brueck, S. and Roy, M. and Narayanan, S.} } @article {Stocks1996, title = {Texturing of polycrystalline silicon}, journal = {Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, year = {1996}, pages = {33 - 42}, issn = {0927-0248}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0927-0248(95)00077-1}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V51-3VTFK7T-57/2/eb36bb8dfafef0de9e83d2f685caf541}, author = {M. J. Stocks and A. J. Carr and Andrew W Blakers} } @article {Baruch1995, title = {On some thermodynamic aspects of photovoltaic solar energy conversion}, journal = {Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells}, volume = {36}, year = {1995}, pages = {201-222}, author = {Baruch, P. and De Vos, A. and Landsberg, P. T. and J.E. Parrott} } @article {Basore1994, title = {Defining terms for crystalline silicon solar cells}, journal = {Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications}, volume = {2}, year = {1994}, note = {
}, pages = {177-179}, author = {Basore, P.A.} } @article {Willeke1992, title = {A simple and effective light trapping technique for polycrystalline silicon solar cells}, journal = {Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells}, volume = {26}, number = {4}, year = {1992}, pages = {345 - 356}, issn = {0927-0248}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0927-0248(92)90054-S}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V51-47XG9S8-45/2/acfac830ed036bd52484e2951d6f9c51}, author = {G. Willeke and H. Nussbaumer and H. Bender and E. Bucher} } @book {Blakers1991, title = {The Role of Photovoltaics in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions}, year = {1991}, note = {
}, publisher = {Australian Government Publishing Service}, organization = {Australian Government Publishing Service}, address = {Canberra}, author = {Andrew W Blakers and Martin A Green and T. Leo and H. Outhred and B. Robins} } @article {basore1990, title = {Numerical modeling of textured silicon solar cells using PC-1D}, journal = {Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {37}, year = {1990}, month = {02/1990}, pages = {337 -343}, abstract = {PC-1D is a quasi-one-dimensional finite-element program for modeling semiconductor devices on personal computers. The program offers solar cell researchers a convenient user interface with the ability to address complex issues associated with heavy doping, high-level injection, nonplanar structures, and transients. The physical and numerical models used in PC-1D Version 2 that make it possible to approximate the multidimensional effects found in textured crystalline silicon solar cells, including the effects of increased front-surface recombination, oblique photon path angles, and light trapping, are presented. As an example of how the model can be applied, PC-1D is used to investigate the interpretation of spectral quantum efficiency data as a tool for diagnosing the internal performance of textured silicon solar cells}, keywords = {elemental semiconductors, finite element analysis, finite-element program, front-surface recombination, heavy doping, high-level injection, internal performance, light trapping, microcomputer applications, modeling semiconductor devices, multidimensional effects, nonplanar structures, numerical models, oblique photon path angles, PC-1D, PC-1D Version 2, personal computers, semiconductor device models, semiconductors, Si, SILICON, solar cells, spectral quantum efficiency data, textured solar cells, transients}, issn = {0018-9383}, doi = {10.1109/16.46362}, author = {Basore, P.A.} } @book {Sekuler1985, title = {Perception}, year = {1985}, note = {
}, publisher = {Alfred A. Knopf Inc}, organization = {Alfred A. Knopf Inc}, address = {New York}, author = {Sekuler, R. and Blake, R.} } @article {Tiedje1984, title = {Limiting Efficiency of Silicon Solar Cells}, journal = {IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES}, volume = {ED-31}, year = {1984}, note = {
}, month = {05/1984}, author = {T. Tiedje and E Yablonovich and G.D. Cody and B.G. Brooks} } @inbook {Benjamin1983, title = {Voltaic Cell, Chapter XIV}, year = {1983}, note = {
}, publisher = {Wiley}, organization = {Wiley}, address = {New York}, author = {P. Benjamin} } @article {Lindholm1979, title = {Application of the superposition principle to solar-cell analysis}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices}, volume = {26}, number = {3}, year = {1979}, pages = {165{\textendash}171}, abstract = {The principle of superposition is used to derive from fundamentals the widely used shifting approximation that the current-voltage characteristic of an illuminated solar cell is the dark current-voltage characteristic shifted by the short-circuit photocurrent. Thus the derivation requires the linearity of the boundary-value problems that underlie the electrical characteristics. This focus on linearity defines the conditions that must hold if the shifting approximation is to apply with good accuracy. In this regard, if considerable photocurrent and considerable dark thermal recombination current both occur within the junction space-charge region, then the shifting approximation is invalid. From a rigorous standpoint, it is invalid also if low-injection concentrations of holes and electrons are not maintained throughout the quasi-neutral regions. The presence of sizable series resistance also invalidates the shifting approximation. Methods of analysis are presented to treat these cases for which shifting is not strictly valid. These methods are based on an understanding of the physics of cell operation. This understanding is supported by laboratory experiments and by exact computer solution of the relevant boundary-value problems. For the case of high injection in the base region, the method of analysis employed accurately yields the dependence of the open-circuit voltage on the short-circuit current (or the illumination level).}, issn = {0018-9383}, author = {F.A. Lindholm and Fossum, J.G. and E.L. Burgess} } @booklet {Bailey1979, title = {United States Patent: 4137123 - Texture etching of silicon: method}, year = {1979}, abstract = {

A surface etchant for silicon comprising an anisotropic etchant containing silicon is disclosed. The etchant provides a textured surface of randomly spaced and sized pyramids on a silicon surface. It is particularly useful in reducing the reflectivity of solar cell surfaces.

}, url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=32\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=4,137,123\&OS=4,137,123\&RS=4,137,123}, author = {William L. Bailey and Michael G. Coleman and Cynthia B. Harris and Israel A. Lesk} } @book {Backus1976, title = {Solar Cells}, year = {1976}, note = {
}, pages = {512}, publisher = {IEEE}, organization = {IEEE}, chapter = {3}, address = {New York}, abstract = {

The present volume constitutes a reference book containing classic papers in the field of solar cells as well as a relatively complete photovoltaic bibliography. The general subjects include the historical development of solar cells, solar-cell theory, cell fabrication, space systems, terrestrial applications, and working-group resumes and discussions. Individual papers deal with such topics as silicon p-n junction photocells, effects of temperature on photovoltaic solar-energy conversion, series resistance effects on solar-cell measurements, drift fields in photovoltaic solar-energy-converter cells, the violet cell, the photovoltaic effect in CdS, efficiency calculations of heterojunction solar-energy converters, CdTe solar cells and photovoltaic heterojunctions in II-VI compounds, the photovoltaic effect in GaAs p-n junctions, and the multiple-junction edge-illuminated solar cell. Other papers discuss silicon solar cell degradation in the space environment, direct solar-energy conversion for terrestrial use, single-crystal and polycrystalline silicon, and CdS/Cu2S thin-film cells

}, author = {C.E. Backus} } @proceedings {Wang1973, title = {Optimum Design of Anti-reflection coating for silicon solar cells}, year = {1973}, note = {
}, pages = {168-171}, author = {E.Y. Wang and F.T.S. Yu and V.L. Sims and E.W. Brandhorst and J.D. Broder} } @article {Bauer1934, title = {Absolutwerte der optischen Absorptionskonstanten von Alkalihalogenidkristallen im Gebiet ihrer ultravioletten Eigenfrequenzen}, journal = {Annalen der Physik}, volume = {411}, year = {1934}, month = {Jan-01-1934}, pages = {434 - 464}, issn = {00033804}, doi = {10.1002/(ISSN)1521-388910.1002/andp.v411:410.1002/andp.19344110405}, author = {Bauer, Gerhard} } @article {Bergmann1931, title = {Uber eine neue Selen- Sperrschicht Photozelle}, journal = {Physikalische Zeitschrift}, volume = {32}, year = {1931}, note = {
}, pages = {286}, author = {Bergmann, L.} } @article {Braun1874, title = {On Conductance in Metal Sulphides}, journal = {Ann. d. Physik}, volume = {153}, year = {1874}, note = {
}, pages = {556}, author = {Braun, F.} } @article {Becquerel1841, title = {Memoire sur les effects d{\textasciiacute}electriques produits sous l{\textasciiacute}influence des rayons solaires}, journal = {Annalen der Physick und Chemie}, volume = {54}, year = {1841}, note = {
}, pages = {35-42}, author = {Becquerel, A.E.} } @article {Becquerel1839, title = {Recherches sur les effets de la radiation chimique de la lumiere solaire au moyen des courants electriques}, journal = {Comptes Rendus de L{\textasciiacute}Academie des Sciences}, volume = {9}, year = {1839}, note = {
}, pages = {145-149}, author = {Becquerel, A.E.} }